General Concept and Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business Essay - 3

General Concept and Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business - Essay Example An asks B, â€Å"Are you keen on purchasing this house?† A has not made an offer however is only inquiring as to whether he is keen on making an offer. B answers, â€Å"I’ll pay you  £50000† for this house.† B has made a proposal to An and An is at freedom to acknowledge or dismiss it. In a market where different articles are set apart at costs, the stamping of cost doesn't imply that the dealers have made proposals to sell these things. These are simply solicitations to offer. The venders can decline to sell these things in spite of the merchandise being set apart at the cost. Correspondence of offer implies that it ought to be made known to the offeree. The negligible want of going into an understanding, which is never referenced to the offeree and stays covered up in the openings of one’s brain, can never be viewed as an offer. Likewise, when an offer is made through a letter, it isn't viewed as a proposal until the letter is posted and it comes to the offeree. Likewise, the offer must come to the offeree through the offeror or his properly approved operator. On the off chance that the offeree comes to know about the proposal through some outside source, the offer isn't legitimate. An offer can be made by and large to the general population through the paper. In any case, on the off chance that it is expected for a specific individual, it ought to be made legitimately to that person. When the offer is made, it should be acknowledged by the offeree for the development of an understanding. It must be outright and unfit. There must be accord promotion idem for example the two gatherings must consent to something very similar in a similar sense. This implies the offeree ought to consent to all the details of the offer. A certified acknowledgment is anything but a substantial acknowledgment. It is viewed as a counter-offer and it ends the first proposal when it is made. On the off chance that the first offeror consents to the conditions of the counter-offer, an understanding is made. Acknowledgment ought to be imparted to the offeror.

Responsibilities of Board-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Compose a report prompting a recently settled board on what estimates it needs to Implement to guarantee fitting behavior by the Board of Directors. Answer: Presentation Board when all is said in done alludes to a top managerial staff or a gathering of people who are answerable for observing exercises of a benefit; no-benefit association or government offices. In this manner, sheets are for observing or regulating whether an association is withstanding its essential constitutions just as government enactments in a deliberate manner or not. The worry of the accompanying report is to encourage shifted measures to a recently settled board with the goal that the board can appropriately guarantee proper lead by the enrolled top managerial staff. The report will in this manner distinguish the crucial jobs and obligations of a board and the potential dangers related with the duties. So as to perceive the duties just as the regular dangers related with them, it is basic at the absolute first to have an away from of the specific board that has been recently settled. Diagram of the recently settled board As referenced above, preceding give productive prompts for guaranteeing fitting behavior, it is basic to know the essential reason and worries of the recently settled board. As a similar time, it is basic to recognize the key individuals from the load up and their comprehensive measure. It has been recognized that a Cape-town based beginning up money related association has built up new leading group of ten individual individuals. The board size of the considered association is ten and every one of the regarded individuals from the board has Finance degrees from top Universities of South Africa and it has been likewise discovered that every one of the enlisted individuals from the recently settled board have a great degree of experience from a few rumored money related associations beforehand. Along these lines, it is reasonable that the concerned association has not bargained in choosing the dependable people for the leading body of advisory group. In this specific circumstance, it is basic to make reference to that the authoritative point of the budgetary undertaking, which has set up the new top managerial staff, is to help clients with imaginative speculation plots just as help with outside inspecting. Consequently, it is reasonable enough that the association merits productive people, who have monetary degrees as well as a decent measure of encounters in the specific field. It is fundamental to make reference to here that as per the concerned money related association, they have set up the new leading group of individuals, so the authority consistently remains educated about the accessibility of satisfactory measure of the budgetary assets. It has been realized that the association has been confronting a few troubles at their underlying stage because of absence of mon ey related assets and improper administration of the current monetary assets. Consequently, the association chose to set up another top managerial staff as the association is extending its glory of late due to getting agreeable client criticism and brand notoriety. Jobs and duties of a board Preceding exhort productive measures or activities to the recently settled board, with the goal that it can work appropriately, it is basic to take a gander at the major jobs and duties of the board individuals. A top managerial staff of a money related association is responsible to hold the accompanying obligations Building up controls on money related exercises Bookkeeping just as taking money related choices is basically the obligation of the administration of a budgetary association. Notwithstanding, an administration can't achieve the previously mentioned obligation if there is no advantageous structure (Bai, 2013). A governing body of a money related association loves the concerned one, is liable for making the specific structure. In addition, it is the compulsory duty of the top managerial staff of a monetary venture to make arrangements so any sort of extortion and mistake can be forestalled opportune. A top managerial staff of ever settled and rumored budgetary association should plan arrangements for partition of obligations, mark and approval and great administration strategies. Under the name of good-administration, approaches of an association incorporate irreconcilable situation strategy, arrangement for record maintenance and informant strategy (Berger et al., 2016). Guaranteeing consistence with the basic approaches In the wake of building up money related arrangements and methodology, it is important to confirm whether the representatives, volunteers and other inner partners are methodicallly agreeing to the built up approaches and central systems or not (Blowfield Murray, 2014). In this unique situation, it is basic to make reference to that the inward partners of an association should agree to the approaches made by the top managerial staff by checking on reports and perusing the yearly letters of the evaluators. Spending endorsement and exploring budgetary reports In spite of the fact that the way that an associations the executives is responsible for making yearly spending plans and keep up it appropriately to serve for the managerial choices, the governing body is liable for first looking into and from there on endorsing the financial plan. It is in this way the obligation of the top managerial staff to guarantee that the spending plan is thorough just as reasonable as indicated by the exhibition capacity of the association. Simultaneously, sheets of a monetary association is liable for surveying money related reports on half-yearly, quarterly or in yearly premise (Boulouta, 2013). For the little and medium-sized associations like the one that has been thought of, money related reports are required to be assessed quarterly. Guaranteeing budgetary maintainability, making review board of trustees and remunerating the executives Each business association essentially requires a review advisory group, whose obligation is to audit the money related exposure of an association. For monetary associations who themselves offer the assistance of evaluating, it is fundamental at first to construct a review advisory group who will care for the budgetary presentation just as the exercises of examining of the representatives. Also, it is the obligation of the board to see whether the association is getting money related supportability or not (Frias?Aceituno et al., 2013). So as to do that it is vital contrast the current money related execution and the exhibition of the earlier years. The board is likewise answerable for making pay for the senior administration just as for the CEO of an association. Keeping up sufficient money related holds and hazard the board Board or a governing body of an association should care for the current money related stores of an association and is liable for building up methodology so as to decide when and for which reasons the budgetary stores will be used. Simultaneously, a top managerial staff is dependable in distinguishing dangers, surveying them and build up techniques to moderate them, with the goal that an association doesn't needs to confront any challenges. Potential dangers and issues Subsequent to having an inside and out thought regarding the crucial jobs and obligations of a board, it is required to perceive what can be the potential dangers just as issues related with the jobs and duties of the top managerial staff. So as to guarantee fitting behavior, broken top managerial staff is required to be forestalled at the primary spot. A portion of the incessant dangers, which are related with achieving the jobs and obligations of a board, are Because of absence of readiness and animation, a few times top managerial staff neglects to lead hazard ID and hazard appraisal appropriately. Thus, an association experiences sudden results and frustrating income edge (Knepper et al., 2016). It is a governing body one of the basic obligations to oversee and control the exercises of the administration. A few times, due to biasness, loads up of executives disregard the flaws of the senior administration and the issues between the administration and the representatives. Thusly, the specific association experiences worker whittling down and low standard exhibitions from the workforce (Leipziger,). For instance, Woolworths in the long run experience greatest worker revolt for giving improper treatment and low compensation. Along these lines, Woolworths notoriety was hurt and the CEO surrendered. A few times because of dictatorial mindset, loads up of chiefs overlooked to get inputs from the administration, which thusly decline the communicational security and for the executives, it turns out to be difficult to get appropriate data from the inward partners. Then again, a few times, the chiefs of a load up or authoritative needs sufficient powerful aptitudes. Different occasions, it has been additionally recognized that as opposed to giving beneficial commitment to an association, aptitudes of certain chiefs turns out to be less important with the current methodologies and market requests. In such case, an association can confront promoting difficulties (Van Grembergen De Haes, 2017). It is one of the potential obligations of the top managerial staff to cast a ballot individuals and remember new people for the board. More often than not associations face absence of respectability and pleasing methodology among the chiefs. Because of such conditions, it gets hard to choose a fitting part for the board just as reach to an appropriate choice. Among the majority of the South African association, it has been distinguished that executives are confronting individual risk issues, which is considered as the issue happened by the weight of corporate administration (Ferrell Fraedrich, 2015). Associations like Marsh, Norton Rose South Africa and Chartis South Africa are confronting such issues. Measures to guarantee fitting behavior The above areas have given an unmistakable understan

Blog Archive University of Pennsylvania (Wharton) Essay Analysis

Blog Archive University of Pennsylvania (Wharton) Essay Analysis Note: The following essay questions pertain to the previous academic year. This section will be updated when the new question are released in early to mid-July of 2008.   This year, HBS finally offered applicants some flexibility. Meanwhile, Wharton is taking some of its flexibility away. Wharton is moving from its old system of two mandatory essays and several choices for the remaining two essays toward a system of three mandatory essays and a single choice in the final question. Complementing the limited flexibility in terms of specific questions, Wharton’s first three questions only allow you to discuss single events/experiences. Thus, because of these limitations, candidates must be particularly considerate of the choices that they make, in order to ensure that they offer the Admissions Committee multiple dimensions and showcase their strengths. 1. Describe your career progress to date and your future short-term and long-term career goals. How do you expect a Wharton MBA to help you achieve these goals, and why is now the best time for you to join our program? (1,000 words) Because of significant overlap from one MBA application to the next, we have produced the “MBA Mission Personal Statement Guide.” We offer our guide to candidates free of charge, via our online store.   Please feel free to download your copy today. As for Wharton itself, experience has shown, and successful candidates who have gone on to work with Wharton admissions have confirmed, that Wharton pays special attention to “Why Wharton/Why now” and that your reasons must be thorough and compelling. This is not exactly news, as every school wants to see this emphasis, but Wharton is more inclined to “ding” those who don’t nail this section. Your “Why Wharton” rationale should not just offer praise for the school, but should illustrate your clear connection, academically, professionally and socially (meaning that you understand the environment that you will be entering). 2. Describe a failure or setback that you have experienced. What role did you play and what did you learn about yourself? (500 words) The best failure essays are often those that show reasoned optimism and tremendous momentum toward a goal â€" a goal that is ultimately derailed. In most cases, you will need to show that you were emotionally invested in your project/experience, which will enable the reader to connect with your story and vicariously experience your disappointment. If you were not invested at all, it is hardly credible to discuss the experience as a failure or learning experience. With respect to setbacks, the door swings open to a range of personal experience as well. For example, you could not discuss an injury that prevented you from competing for an elite college athletic competition as a failure, but it would certainly qualify as a setback. You can carefully consider setbacks in which you bear no responsibility for creating the situation. In such a case, again, it is crucial that you show that you were emotionally invested, that events were going in a certain direction and that the situation quickly turned in an unfavorable direction. Of course, the second part of the story, the reflective element, is vital. It is very easy to offer trite and clichéd statements about your response to the problem and what you learned about yourself (Note: everyone learns resiliency â€" consider another key learning). It will take time to truly create a unique statement about your road forward and lessons learned, but the payoff will come in an essay that is much more personal and self-aware than thousands of others. 3. Tell us about a situation in which you were an outsider. What did you learn from the experience? (500 words) The word “outsider” is the key to the first part of this essay; outsider is a broad word, which allows you to discuss far more than culture shock. While you can be an outsider while traveling abroad or even while experiencing a different culture in your own backyard, you can also suddenly become an outsider in an environment that was once entirely familiar to you. (For example, if you were to close a big deal and resentment were to follow from colleagues.) Once you establish that you were facing unique circumstances and that you were clearly on the outside, it is crucial that you show how you responded and how you influenced this situation to make it amenable to you and others. Then, the reflective element (“What did you learn…”) must be explored in depth. Much like in essay two, it is not sufficient to trot out clichés and state that you learned that humanity is universal. You will need to truly contemplate your “takeaways” and illustrate the enduring impact on your decisions or world view.   4. Please Complete One of the Following Two Questions: Where in your background would we find evidence of your leadership capacity and/or potential? (500 words) In this essay, you have your first opportunity to offer more than a single experience in one essay. It is possible to select two instances (three would likely be pushing it) in your background that showcase your distinct leadership skills. If you do choose to select two experiences, you would be wise to offer those that highlight different aspects of your style. For example, an “on the field” athletic leadership may exemplify strength of personality, while work experience might highlight skills of persuasion and diplomacy.   Regardless of the story or stories that you select, it is important that you prove to the Admissions Committee that you have an understanding of how you have your own style and that you can be effective in leadership roles. Although there is no specific request for reflection in this essay, it would still be appropriate for you to contemplate your actions and show self-awareness. Is there anything about your background or experience that you feel you have not had the opportunity to share with the Admissions Committee in your application? If yes, please explain. (500 words) Essentially, this question is a “catchall” in which the Admissions Committee is ensuring that they will not miss anything vital. If you happen to have unique experiences that do not fit neatly into the questions above, you can explore them here. While this question is open-ended, it is still a mistake to create an essay that lacks scope. This should not be a collection of ideas that you could not incorporate above, but a focused and compelling statement about your candidacy.   It would be wise for you to think through a thesis statement before you start to write. Share ThisTweet Blogroll Blog Archive University of Pennsylvania (Wharton) Essay Analysis The Admissions Committee is interested in getting to know you on both a professional and personal level. We encourage you to be introspective, candid, and succinct. Most importantly, we suggest you be yourself.Essay 1 (Required) Describe your career progress to date and your future short-term and long-term career goals. How do you expect an MBA from Wharton to help you achieve these goals, and why is now the best time for you to join our program? (1,000 words) Again, because this question covers very similar ground with other applications, I have created a document on personal statements that should help regardless of application. Please feel free to contact â€" info@mbamission.com â€" for a copy. As for Wharton itself, experience has shown, and successful candidates who have gone on to work with Wharton admissions have confirmed, that Wharton pays special attention to “Why Wharton/Why now” and that your reasons must be thorough and compelling. This is not exactly news as every school wants to see this emphasis, but Wharton is more inclined to “ding” those who don’t nail this section. Your “Why Wharton” rationale should not just offer praise for the school, but should illustrate your clear connection, academically, professionally and socially (meaning that you understand the environment that you would be entering). Essay 2 (Required): Describe a failure or setback that you have experienced. How did you respond, and what did you learn about yourself? (500 words) The best failure essays are often those that show reasoned optimism and tremendous momentum toward a goal â€" a goal that is ultimately derailed. In most cases, you will need to show that you were emotionally invested in your project/experience which will enable the reader to connect with your story and vicariously experience your disappointment. If you were not invested at all, it is hardly credible to discuss the experience as a failure or learning experience. With respect to setbacks, the door swings open to a range of personal experience as well. You could not discuss an injury that prevented you from competing for an elite college athletic competition, for example, as a failure, but it would certainly qualify as a setback. You can carefully consider setbacks, in which you bear no responsibility for creating the situation; in such a case, again, it is crucial that you show that you were emotionally invested, that events were going in a certain direction and that the situation quickly turned in an unfavorable direction. Of course, the second part of the story, the reflective element, is vitally important. It is very easy to offer trite and clichéd statements about your response and what you learned about yourself (Note: everyone learns resiliency â€" consider another key learning). It will take time to truly create a unique statement about your road forward and lessons learned, but the payoff will come in an essay that is much more personal and self-aware than thousands of others. Essays 3 4 (Required) Clearly, by choosing two of four broadly based essays, you have a tremendous opportunity to showcase your greatest strengths below; the choices that you make here are, of course, contingent on your previous choices above. If you have offered a personal setback, for example, it will probably be time to discuss your professional accomplishments. You will need to exercise judgment in determining your approach. Please complete two of the following four questions (500 words each): * Describe a personal characteristic or quality that will help the Admissions Committee to know you better. Again, this question is broad and flexible. You will need to offer consistent examples from your experiences to prove a theme. These essays often go wrong when they are light on experience, only offering one story to back-up a personal characteristic. Although it is possible to answer this question with one example if you provide an unusually strong story, it is more likely that creating a unifying theme across personal, professional, academic and community dimensions (and you can use a professional story to prove a personal characteristic) will be the most compelling. * Describe an impact you’ve had on a team, group or organization. How has this experience been valuable to you or others, and what did you learn? In this essay, you will need to show a clear cause and effect relationship, between your actions and the resulting implication for others. A successful essay will show how you took specific steps to produce the desired results, focus on the results themselves and then, most importantly, add a reflective element, explaining the learning, via the experience. This is a leadership essay and while it does not demand that you exemplify rousing “Churchillian” leadership, the goal is to show how you exercise your influence and bring about a new and better reality. * What do you do best and why? This essay will require a great deal of thought and you might start by asking those around you â€" parents, colleagues, supervisors, etc. â€" this very question, “What do I do best and why?” It is not only important that you identify what you do best, but you should ensure that what you do best is something unique/special or desirable to Wharton. In other words, if you are best at completing projects on time, this is probably not worth showcasing as many others do this quite well and while this might be your best trait it is unlikely a trait that will differentiate you from others or cause anyone to scream, “admit”. Again, in this essay, you will need to prove your case via experience; it is not enough to simply tell the committee that you are the best at X, you will need to show them your experiences which provide that proof. * When have your values, ethics, or morals been challenged? How has this shaped who you are today? Sometimes it is easier to explain what you should do in an essay by first explaining what you should not do. Inevitably, a candidate always asks if a story like the following would work: “My boss told me to trade on inside information and I said ‘no.’” In such an instance, there is no challenge to your value system; no one should be trading on inside information; no one should be breaking the law. You need to start by offering an example in which there were two reasonable options which stand in stark opposition to each other both with positive and negative aspects and explore how you made your choice. In such circumstances, the outcome is less important than your reasoning. The committee is seeking to understand your thought process and trying to recognize the reasonable, logical and ethical applicant within. Furthermore, you will need to consider the lasting impact on you and identify the way that your thoughts or personality has changed; this is a heavy burden but if you can examine your changes, your story will likely be powerful and differentiated and will thus be the basis for a winning essay. Share ThisTweet Blogroll

Symbolism Of The Kites By Khaled Hosseini - 900 Words

Symbolism of the Kites Throughout The Kite Runner, the author, Khaled Hosseini, shows that there are many different kites that relate to important details about the story. From the first kite out in the annual kite flying tournament to the last kite that falls from the sky, they all have meaning. To Amir and Hassan kite flying was both fun and competitive, but they did not realize the problem it would lead to. Kites are mentioned from the beginning of the book to the end. The book begins with Amir in San Francisco twenty-six years after one of the most scarring issues of his life. Amir is quoted in saying, â€Å"Then I glanced up and saw a pair of kites, red with long blue tails, soaring in the sky...like a pair of eyes looking down on San Francisco...And suddenly Hassan’s voice whispered in my head: For you, a thousand times over† (1-2). Hassan was Amir’s servant, a friend, and a very altruistic person. After twenty-six years Amir sees these kites and is reminded of a traumatizing event that left him and Hassan two different people. The majority of the population in Kabul loved winter the most. â€Å"The reason was simple: They shut down school for the icy season...And kites, of course. Flying kites. And running them† (48-49). Every winter there were districts in Kabul that held kite-fighting tournaments. The tournaments were everybody s favorite part of the cold season. Amir states that he never sleeps before the night of the tournament. Hassan and Amir were very good at kiteShow MoreRelatedSymbolism Of Kite Running By Khaled Hosseini1243 Words   |  5 PagesKali Denney Mr. Snyder AP Literature and Composition 11 December 2015 Symbolism of Kite Running In this essay the book being discussed is, Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini. Khaled Hosseini’s biography will be discussed as well as the historical influences upon him that affect the novel as a whole. The essay will contain a critical analysis as well as an analysis of the critical response to the work by others. In the novel and now a grown man, the main character Amir recalls events in his childhoodRead MoreSymbolism In The Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini992 Words   |  4 Pagesthe novel the Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini, the author, often uses symbolism throughout the book. There are many, many items or things that signifies something, or means something different than what is shown. For example, things like the kite, the pomegranate tree, Amir’s scar, the slingshot, the reference of the lamb, and Hassan’s cleft lip. Analyzing symbolism in this book could go far, there are many things to be said about the symbolism in this novel. The reason for using symbolism is because itsRead MoreThe Kite Runner Symbolism Analysis753 Words   |  4 PagesShajanika Rasu Ms.Gulej ENG2D1 1 May 2017 SYMBOLS USED IN KHALED HOSSEINI’S THE KITE RUNNER Symbolism is a literary device found in all mediums. Symbols are marks or words that designate the significant features in a piece of literature. They allow people to connect to the many concepts found in the literary works. The novel The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, showcases this notion of symbolism well. These symbols come full circle by the end of the novel as they represent pivotal moments in theRead MoreThe Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini883 Words   |  4 Pagesguilty and bitter about the situation. The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini, revolves around the theme of redemption. Redemption can be used as a cure for guilt. Throughout the novel, the author shows that redemption requires some sort of sacrifice and the only way that is possible is if you can forgive yourself from the mistakes you have made in the past. Khaled Hosseini effectively portrays redemption through motifs such as rape, irony and flashbacks, symbolism, and the development of Amir throughoutRead MoreEssa y about Characters of The Kite Runner854 Words   |  4 PagesPublished by Riverhead Books in 2003, Khaled Hosseini wrote The Kite Runner, a powerful story of love, fear, friendship, redemption, and the reality of the cruel world we live in. In this tale, you develop a personal relationship with the characters as you feel their emotions. Khaled Hosseini brings his characters to life eloquently. The relationship between son and father, rich and poor, countryman and his country, Pashtun and Hazara, friend and brother, andRead MoreTheme Of Friendship And Culture In The Kite Runner1248 Words   |  5 Pages The Death of Friendship and Culture in The Kite Runner Cultural influences impact the creation of an individual’s identity. Countries rely on culture to join citizens together; however, the destruction of a culture results in the disfigurement of a country and the impairment of its citizens’ identities. In Khaled Hosseini’s novel, The Kite Runner, the author depicts a dark and calamitous period during the 20th century in Afghanistan. The novel’s main character, Amir, lives in a large house withRead MoreKhaled Hosseinis The Kite Runner897 Words   |  4 Pageshard to comprehend. In Khaled Hoseinis The Kite Runner, multiple cases of compulsion are demonstrated. Khaled Hosseini uses symbolism and sense of mood during these situations contribute to the understanding of his literary work. Chapter seven of the novel opens somewhat normal, with two young boys, Amir and Hassan, preparing for the annual kite running tournament. When the boys win the contest, an air of jubilance and carelessness comes over Amir and Hassan. Hosseini describes the moment asRead MoreReader Response For The Kite Runner1348 Words   |  6 PagesReader Response for The Kite Runner Section 1- Writing Style: Khaled Hosseini, author of The Kite Runner, is most definitely different than other authors. He uses strong, detailed words that may be difficult, at some points, to understand. His use of vocabulary is rather challenging for me. The more use of challenging vocabulary, in my opinion, makes the book even more interesting. Now, I’m not a big fan of reading, but after reading this book, I had found an interest in reading more challengingRead MoreThe Kite Runner: Highlighting the Plight of Afghanistan1691 Words   |  7 Pagesboth medicine and words, Khaled Hosseini was captivated by Persian literature and the literature of his, now changed, native country. Lamenting his countries ruin, Hosseini uses the tragic metamorphosis in his country as the backbone of his novels. Born in Kabul, Afghanistan on March 4, 1965, Hosseini loved poetry and kite fighting. When he turned five, he moved with his family to Tehran. Here, Hosseini taught his family’s Hazara cook how to read an d write, showing Hosseini an early view into theRead More Khaled Hosseinis The Kite Runner Essay1008 Words   |  5 PagesKhaled Hosseinis The Kite Runner In the Kite Runner, the author explores the ties that bind sons to fathers and childhood friends to one another and of the forces that tear them apart

How to Set Up a Home Chemistry Lab

Mental Illness And Its Effects - 901 Words

I have chosen to include seven immediate family members in my family genogram. These family members include my grandfather, John Brown, who was a deacon at a Baptist church before his passing. My grandmother, Susan Brown, who is currently caring for my sister and her child. Also included is my mother, Yvonne and her two younger sisters Pamela and Adrienne. Both my mother and her sisters are currently unemployed. In this genogram, I have also included my brother Aaron, and my sister Kristin. My sister Kristin suffers from a cognitive disability due to an accident that occurred when she was a child. While completing this genogram, I noticed the prevalence of mental illness within my family. Within this analysis, I chose to focus on mental†¦show more content†¦Based on the medical history of my family, mental illness seems to be a genetic contribution. However, I do believe that the experiences previously mentioned have had a significant impact on the women within my family. Fu rthermore, these experiences can be seen as liable for the condition of various relationships within my family. To begin, the relationship between my grandmother and mother became strained further after my mother had her second child. During this time, my mother had become dependent of both alcohol, and illicit drugs. Because of this dependency, my grandmother felt it would be in everyone’s best interest if she obtained custody of my older brother and sister. After my grandmother was granted custody of my older siblings, my mother and grandmother ceased communication for several years. This lack of communication had a larger impact than either assumed it would. As a result of their abrupt separation from our mother, my siblings began to harbor ill feelings towards her. They felt as though they had been abandoned, and she made no effort to remain in their lives. Currently, my mother and brother have yet to reconcile their relationship. I would define my relationship with my mo ther to be close but hostile. Being the only one of my mother’s children that she raised, I believe that my experiences asShow MoreRelatedMental Illness And Its Effects1052 Words   |  5 Pagesforgiving: mental illness. Mental illness is something that I, and millions of others, live with daily. While it can and often does prove to be an obstacle in life, it can also be a valuable learning experience. Because it affects so many people, I believe that mental illness should no longer be something that is swept under a rug. Instead, I think mental illness should be something that is respected and talked about with the tenacity that any physical illness is. Those with mental illness are not peopleRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects1776 Words   |  8 PagesMental illness has always been present, but the views and treatments have drastically changed through the centuries. In past decades, particularly in and after the 1930s, advances in helping the mentally ill have increas ed in this field because of the growth of government funding and medical breakthroughs. Additionally, society has become more knowledgeable and accepting of the struggles the mentally ill face; programs and non-life-threatening treatments have been created since society has becomeRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects1761 Words   |  8 PagesMental illness is a condition that is described by aggravations in idea, feelings, or behaviour. Emotional instability refers to a wide collection of disorders, running from those that cause mellow misery to those that debilitate a man s capacity to work in every day life. Numerous attempts to make sense of the purposes behind emotional instabilities. These reasons have been taken a gander at and considered for a large number of years. The natural viewpoint sees emotional instability as a substantialRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects1717 Words   |  7 Pages Involuntary psychiatric commitment has been like a pendulum, sometimes in favor as a government policy to treat mental illness, and other times not. Mental illness treatment has been evolving throughout history. Society once believed that mental illness was due to a reversed to an animalistic level of consciousness, possession of demons, a sinful soul, or a chemical imbalance. The medical journal Nature and Genetics, recently reported that, a defect in chromosome number six which has been identifiedRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects1095 Words   |  5 Pagesaffected by mental illness are violent or unpredictable. Now, this opinion is not entirely erroneous, but it does create an extremely one-sided and unfair outlook for those suffering from a mental illness. Those who negatively stigmatize mental illness cause an immense harm. Stigma is a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person. If people today would talk about mental illness more, that communication could lead those suffering from mental illness to feel as ifRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects On Mental Health2155 Words   |  9 PagesThe term mental illness is used to describe a disorder that causes a person to express themselves differently, this may be through their behaviour or thinking (WHO, 2016). According to the BBC website at least 1 in 4 people will be affected by a mental illness, and this could be triggered by an event or some trauma in their life (BBC, 2016). Mental health problems can trigger a mental illness, for most people the signs of mental health deterioration do not develop into a full mental illness, this isRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects On The Media Essay1324 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Mental illness is often wrongly portrayed in the United States’ media creating stigmatization and misrepresentation. Mental illness â€Å"refers to a wide range of mental disorders that affect your mood, thinking and behavior† (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2015). Examples of disorders include anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Any â€Å"negative attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors are called stigma† (Wilson et al., 2016, p. 2) and stigma can contributeRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects On Society1461 Words   |  6 Pages Mental illness affects millions of people in the United States and in other countries. Disabling mental illness is seen in and out of local hospitals and other skilled nursing facilities daily. Timby and Smith (2011) define schizophrenia as a thought disorder characterized by deterioration in mental functioning, disturbances in sensory perception, and changes in affect. Schizophrenia effects about one percent of the population and shows no regard to ethnicity, culture, or environmentRead MoreThe Effects Of Abnormality And Mental Illness1284 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout my life, I have had a fair amount of exposure to abnormality, and mental illness. I was exposed early on to abnormality. My father, who spent 20 years of his life in the U.S. Navy, was diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Disorder in 1995, following the riots in the camps of Guantanamo Bay, Cuba in 1994. This is not my only experience with mental illness, although it was the most persistent experience I have had with abnormality. My mother went through severe depression when she turned 40. MyRead MoreSchizophrenia And Its Effects On Mental Illness1538 Words   |  7 PagesSchizophrenia is a mental illness that is in a very small amount of the population, 1 in 100 people (1% of the population). Symptoms of schizophrenia include, delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and behavior, not much emotion if any is present, as well as speech and socializations issues. Ways to t reat schizophrenia are very limited to antipsychotic drugs and therapy. Although there is not one cause to this illness found, there are many factors that explain the cause or result in having

History of the Automobile Essay Example For Students

History of the Automobile Essay History of theAutomobileAutomobiles are one of the most importantand prominent inventions possibly ever created. Without automobilesour lives would be completely changed and different. Automobileschanged the way people traveled and lived. Without cars there wouldbe no drive-ins, drive-thru fast food restaurants, and shopping centers. People depend on their cars whether theyre earning their living, or travelingto their dream vacation spot. The United States is the leading producerof automobiles and is often called the Nation On Wheels. The U.Shas become very dependent on cars for transportation. Racing automobilesis also a very popular sport which attracts millions of enthusiasts nation-wide. Whether its a local race track, or a huge Nascar track, people love racingand the thrill, and also the danger. The history of automobiles is a long, andlaborious one. From the first self propelled road vehicle createdin the 1790s, to the modern road machine of today, it hasnt been an easyroad to follow (no pun intended) for the automobile. Many peoplemocked the car, and you used to hear the phrase Get a horse a lot backwhen cars were first mass produced. Even with these vicissitudes,the automobile has overcome these hardships to become one of the most requiredinventions ever assembled. The steam car was the first road vehiclethat could travel by themselves, even though they had a top speed of awhopping 3 miles per hour, and had to stop every 10 to 15 minutes to buildup steam. The first vehicle that could carry passengers was produceduntil 1801. These steam carriages annoyed people very much by beingnoisy, dirty, and by frightening horses. Many american inventorstampered with steam automobiles such as J.N Carhart, Richard Dudgeon, andSylvester H. Roper, but the most sucessful were the Stanley twins, FrancisE. and Freelan O. The electric car was actually popular inAmerica in the late 1890s and early 1900s. One of Americas pioneer electriccars was built in about 1890 by William Morrison in Des Moines Iowa. People liked the electric car because it was easy to operate, ran quietly,and didnt excrete putrid fumes. But of course there were drawbackslike you couldnt go over 20 miles per hour and the battery had to be rechargedconstantly. For these reasons the electric car was replaced by thegasoline engine. The general design of modern automobileswas developed in France. Emile Levassor and Rene Panhard built theirfirst cars in 1890 using a Daimler engine. These cars used chainslike those found in bicycles to carry the engines power to the back wheels. Many American inventors experimented with gasoline powered vehicles inthe early 1890s. Many claimed that they were the first to designand build sucessfully a automobile. Most pioneers of the automobile laterbecame famous in the industry. The creation of the first auto assemblyline was caused by a fire that destroyed the Olds Motor Works in Detroit. This caused Olds to sign contracts with the owners of small machine shopsto manufacture many parts for his cars. With this method, the companybuilt 425 cars in 1901, 3750 in 1902, and 500 in 1903. Most car companiesfollowed the Olds company by using mass production. Henry M. Leland,president of the Cadillac Automobile Company developed the concept of usinginterchangeable parts. This was a big step because the interchangeableparts could be used to assemble or repair any car of the same model. Henry Fords goal was a low-priced carthat many people in all walks of life could afford. The outcome ofhis goal: The Model T. It sold for $850, but Ford installed a movingassembly line in his factory and they could then produce a car in a hourand a half which then caused the car to be sold for $400, the lowest priceof any automobile. Over 15 million were sold. .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 , .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 .postImageUrl , .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 , .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65:hover , .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65:visited , .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65:active { border:0!important; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65:active , .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65 .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub987956f22317489648629cf837e0d65:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Scarlet Letter Argumentative EssayDuring the 1920s it was a race betweenFord and GM. They were the leading producers of cars at that time. By 1937, GM was producing about 35% of the worlds automobiles. Designchanged a lot during 1920s. Body lines became more graceful andthe closed car became popular. Engines became more powerful and quieterand many other improvements came during this period. DuringWorld War 2 production of cars for civilians almost halted because thefactories were being used for military supplies. After WW2, moreimprovements were made and foreign cars became more popular. Today41 millions vehicles are produced every year in which one third come fromthe U.S Gasoline shortages and wrecks are a few of the problems ofthe industry today. Even with all the problems the auto industry went through,the good part is that it did make it through.

Strategic Analysis Report Essay Example

Strategic Analysis Report Essay Additionally heavy maintenance was consolidated to Avalon and Brisbane with Tullamarine in Melbourne closing by August 2012 (Qantas, 2012). This report considers the position of Qantas as at 1st May 2012 but considers this announcement justification of the report’s recommendations. 2|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 2 Executive Summary The dynamic nature of the global commercial aviation industry requires organisational structures and strategies that exemplify controls facilitating flexibility and prompt market responsiveness. The industry is heavily influenced via ncreasing global operational expenses, volatility and competition creating numerous challenges for Qantas’ long-term survival. Moreover, constant changes of consumer behaviour, perception and purchasing powers are directly influencing Qantas’ diminishing profit margins alongside high operational expenditure. It is crucial for Qantas’ to optimise opportuniti es and manage complex trade-offs involving value chain and supply chain management (SCM) activities. Numerous mechanisms exist to maximise the differences between perceived value and actual costs of supply chain activities. The key challenges for Qantas are to conceptualise strategies that provide a balance of efficiency and effectiveness. Initial internal and external analyses determined key discrepancies involving Qantas’ direction of global and functional-level strategies. The analyses identified integrated, global standardisation, human resource (HR) and operational strategies as the primary segments to adjust. Key deficiencies arose regarding international competitiveness, terminal/plant consolidation, operational restructure requirements, workforce personnel skill and training enhancements and continual Industrial Relations (IR) disputes. As such, distinct emphasis to Qantas’ management amplified top and middle managerial inadequacies and change requirements. The analysis concluded that Qantas should implement a hybrid strategy through the integration of global standardisation and operational strategies. This combined strategy will address effective controls and policies, enabling cost reductions from non value-adding activities and redirecting capital to value-adding functions, thus effectively progressing Qantas’ strategic objectives towards sustainable practices and growth. |Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 3 Two Potential Strategies The strategic objectives for Qantas’ future intent are to mitigate potential risks. This can be achieved via either a global or functional level strategy. This report analyses the benefits and limitations of these strategies and presents a realistic recommendation for long term strategic sustainability. 3. 1 Global Strategy Gl obal strategy plays a vital role in strengthening organisations such as Qantas (Hill Jones, 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Through the use of integration and global standardisation Qantas will be able to enhance its operations and increase its aviation market share. These strategies will enhance Qantas’ consumer base, whilst improving customer service outcomes. The implementation of these strategies will enable superior quality service delivery and improved performance against rivals in the aviation industry. 3. 1. 1 Integration Strategy In order to counter strong competition in international markets, increasing importance is placed on Multinational Organisations such as Qantas to integrate its overseas operations. Global Integration Strategy positions organisations like Qantas to gain advantage by geographically dispersing and specialising its operations (Porter, 1986). This localisation results in cost efficiencies and economies of scale improving competitiveness (Mauri, 2003). Qantas operates a vast international network but could take advantage of horizontal integration to build its network in booming markets such as Asia, while offset losses on unpopular routes. This could be achieved by creating wholly owned subsidiaries, joint ventures, or strengthening alliances with partner airlines in the OneWorld program and beyond. Alliance Networks can guide Qantas to recover its losses internationally by leveraging economies of scale generated by code sharing and commercial partnerships (Lawton, 2011). 4|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 To compete with local hub based carriers such as Singapore Airlines (Singapore) and Emirates (Dubai), Qantas could vertically integrate some ground support and maintenance operations. Such undertakings would allow the Qantas brand to increase competitor cost structures and standardise customer service offerings, by controlling the brand experience from origin to consumption point. . 1. 2 Global Standardisation Strategy A global standardisation strategy aims at reducing costs by having Qantas’s headquarters and SCM activities centralised in Australia, but locating key functions in an optimal global location for that activity (Hill Jones, 2010). Following a Dynamic SWOT analysis undertaken by Nav-Star, it was found that Qantas could reduce operating costs by offshoring certain unskilled maintenance activities to a service centre in Hong Kong. This would allow Qantas to maximise synergies created by its new strategic alliance with China Eastern Airlines (Qantas, 2012). This destination offers labour force competitive advantages due to no minimum wage and advantageous tax rates (Euromonitor, 2010). This would make it suitable for unskilled maintenance work on aircraft, with more technical work being undertaken in Australia to maintain quality standards. Furthermore, offshoring would facilitate excellent career development for Australian Qantas employees as there will be a need to train and monitor a new Asian labour force. Hong Kong is a major Asian hub with a favourable economic and financial climate (Austrade, 2012), as well as being a gateway to China. Currently the Chinese travel market is approximately 300 million. This is believed to grow to 500 million within three years (Qantas, 2012). If this strategy is employed it will reduce costs while creating both synergies and opportunities for further growth. 3. 2 Functional Strategy A functional strategy is advantageous for organisations to achieve superior efficiency, innovation, quality, and customer responsiveness (Jones Hill, 2012). Implementation of functional 5|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 strategies increases organisational capabilities in terms of resource availability and distinctive competencies. . 2. 1 HR Strategy A HR strategy aims at improving organisational outcomes through enhancing workforce capabilities. Key elements involve organisational development, job enrichment, employee empowerment and increased motivation through intrinsic motivators such as learning and development (Stone, 2010). Following a dynamic SWOT analysis of Qantas, it i s evident that the airline can increase its revenue by reorganising the organisations HR focus. This would be possible through regular training and development of the workforce to satisfy intrinsic motivators. This is essential in light of the recent industrial and economic events (Qantas, 2012). Qantas’ 35,000 workforce personnel are primarily employees in either full-time or part-time positions, however in light of declining profits the movement towards transforming significant positions to a casual employment emerges (Qantas Databook, 2012). This creates numerous challenges for Qantas to ensure a superior level of quality and consistency across personnel divisions. The foremost segments subjective to this movement are ground staff, cabin crew, QCatering and Qantas Freight services (Qantas Media Releases, 2012). Given the dynamic nature of Qantas’ consumer base, employee training programs need to be tailored to adapt to the changing needs of customers. This is particularly relevant in the international arena, as this is where Qantas’ strategy needs to be enhanced to achieve industry differentiation and growth in emerging markets (Qantas, 2012). 3. 2. 2 Operational Strategy Management teams use operational strategies to effectively manage upstream and downstream value and supply chain activities in a cost-efficient manner. Hence, emphasis on 6|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 roductivity maximisation of resource-based bundling emerges via the capitalisation and operational restructuring of functional tactics and time specifications (Hanson, Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson, 2011). Qantas’ adverse internal and external environments are underpinned by operational expenses. These variables have forced the company to adopt cost reduction and low cost structure activities (Sharma Fisher, 1997). According to Qantas’ Databook (2012) cost price increases in operational activities (i. e. rising fuel prices, labour disputes, and replicated maintenance facilities) erode profit margins. This represents potential inefficiencies and weaknesses within Qantas’ internal management controls. Qantas CEO Alan Joyce announced in March 2012 the company’s strategic intent is to reduce costs without causing significant declines in revenue (Qantas Media Releases, 2012). A dynamic SWOT analysis identified for Qantas to negate and transpose limitations into positive company attributes. Qantas’ operational strategy should focus upon inefficiencies within Qantas’ supply and value chains thus requiring implementing increased controls. This measure would involve the coordination of activities directly attributed to horizontally and vertically integrated functions. Such measures would reaffirm a distinct organisational structure whilst ascertaining and securing improved efficiency, cost controls, environmental adaptability and profitability. Lin, Zu-Hsu Gibbs (2008), Gandolfi Hassoun (2010) and Buckingham Loomba (2001) assert effective operational restructuring to involve SWOT decision-making processes regarding cost structure reductions where value-adding functions are emphasised. These activities involve Reduction-In-Force (RIF) primarily concerning workforce size, skill requirements, employee flexibility, continuous improvement and activity-based costing initiatives. Additionally a SCM focus identifies supplier selection, procurement, inbound/outbound logistics, indirect materials, plant capacity and locations is a foremost facet of operational expenses providing avenues for reductions (Monczka, Handfield, Giunipero Patterson, 2011). Qantas should reassess the margins of each activity impacting the value-adding functions for increased |Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 company profits. As global economic uncertainty remains a primary concern in management strategic decisions the ability to respond effectively and integrate specified functional-level and operational strategies remains critical to long-term survival and profitability (Hanson, Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson, 2011). 4 Comparison and Evaluation Strategy One Strate gy Two Feasibility substantial it can financial Qantas’s value chain activities represent by significant financial assets involving firm Feasibility Qantas resources possesses which leverage centralising its activities to its Australian infrastructure, SCM activities and highly headquarters, while offshoring non value skilled and specialised workforce personnel. adding functions such as maintenance. The As diversification workforce and scale ease of of such, through extensive employee Qantas’s development programmes (i. e. emphasis on global employee flexibility initiatives), SCM enables transference across the company. Further, streamlined cost structure improvements there is surplus cheap labour available in and internal communications will entice the both Asian destinations to make the strategy workforce to remain vibrant and instantly implementable with the use of knowledgeable. strategic partner airlines. Desirability Desirability Centralizing activities at the Australian Implementation of the HR strategy alongside headquarters will enable the company to increased transparency involving functions reduce its operating costs. By offshoring and related profit margins will increase the upstream and downstream operations to airline’s efficiency, quality of services, other locations globally, the airline will technological advancements and innovation, benefit from low cost materials and cheap thereby attracting more customers and labour, thus reducing its overall costs of retaining existing ones. This will increase the 8|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 manufacture and maintenance. company’s revenues and overall financial performance. Risks Risks Risks include cross cultural barriers, socio Risks include associated costs and potential economic and localised geo-political employee resistances to operational changes enhanced training and uncertainty. Given that the airlines will alongside offshore its activities across different development programmes. Moreover the locations globally, there is a risk of Australian operational and HR strategies should both industrial increased relations awareness issues. of Moreover, directly and indirectly forecast customer corporate needs and demand to determine accurate mechanisms. Thus enabling responsibility challenges including perceived budgeting versus actual human rights violations. capital to be directed along the value chain proportionally. Table 1 – Formulated Strategies 5 Recommendations Nav-star Consultants recommends that Qantas adopts Strategy One, an integrated global standardisation strategy, and Strategy Two, operational strategy. This will be implemented by leveraging the formidable financial and human resources of the company, thus redirecting capital where it’s needed to drive strategic change. This involves offshoring maintenance activities to Hong Kong to engage a leaner cost structure. This strategy will be supported internally by realigning its supply chain capabilities to locations that are more value oriented (Hill Jones, 2010). Further, both upstream and downstream activities will be refocused on more profitable flight routes, ground operations and strategic partner alliances. By utilising this integrated strategy, Qantas will maintain a flexible competitive advantage in the global airline industry. 9|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 . 1 Distinguish from Competition For Qantas to remain competitive in both domestic and, more importantly, the international arena, a focus on providing value added services that differentiate from the competition is vital. Firstly, it is recommended that Qantas reviews its international network of destinations to divest from unprofitable flight routes and replacing these with arrangements using str ategic alliance partners. This will also include an inevitable RIF that will focus on optimising workforce size and up skilling or cross training displaced employees (Noe Winkler, 2009). These optimisations allow Qantas to distinguish itself from its competitors by providing a leaner and more skilled workforce. Secondly, Qantas will need to consider integrating ground operations and supply chain activities to gain greater control of cost efficiencies, as well as reducing access for key competitors in foreign hubs (McCarthy-Byrne Mentzer, 2011). This will be achieved by utilising existing and new strategic partnerships and the establishment of new support facilities in the most value added location, Hong Kong. Any opportunity for the establishment of a wholly owned foreign subsidiary should seriously be considered. By integrating operations and activities, Qantas can remain adaptive to competitive pressures and distinguish its brand. 5. 2 Two Key Elements Two key elements in regards to Qantas’ implementation of its integrated strategy are, firstly, the Australian industrial relation consequences that may arise from the perception that Qantas is offshoring Australian jobs. Secondly, the importance of maintaining Qantas’ exceptional brand image regarding quality across maintenance and customer service. In order to prepare for likely industrial disputes, an extensive program of cross training and up skilling should be provided to employees who may be affected by this strategic reorientation. This will form a part of a risk mitigation strategy which will also reduce the dependence on domestic labour, of which industrial disputes will have the greatest impact (Balnave, Brown, 10 | P a g e Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 Maconachie Stone, 2009). Further, internal and external public relation campaigns should be commenced to educate and reassure all stakeholders of Qantas. For Qantas to maintain its exceptional quality reputation and to further build its quality perception in the market, it will be important to present the changing strategic direction of the organisation as an opportunity for portfolio growth. This will lead to greater opportunities for Qantas employees both domestically and abroad. Additionally, through the use of investment in technology and training, Qantas can reduce costs and implement its strategic plan without compromising quality perception. 5. 3 Boundary Condition The recommended integrated global standardisation and operational strategy exemplifies distinct benefits, company differentiation and competitive advantages. A PESTEL analysis identified the foremost determinant critical to ongoing implementation processes and success regards geoeconomic influences. Additional PESTEL characteristics are exhibited in Appendix 2. Bilgin (2010) asserts for Qantas to effectively intensify its international operations and presence incorporating geo-economic risks into strategic planning is vital. Schlevogt (2001) outlines key variables and success factors as company financial reserves; supply and value chain productions; workforce personnel; technological and research developments; transportation capabilities; trade opportunities and international politics. Moreover, as numerous value-adding resources are sourced from international markets, foreign government political, trade and socio-economic policies are shaping the pace and course of global interactions and transactions. Numerous markets have experienced unsustainable practices via diminished growth strategies for labour market competition, increase export and investment ventures abroad and displacement through automation (Eun Resnick, 2011 Madura, 2010). These shortfalls, provide opportunities for Qantas to attain the under-utilised resources in these markets as capital outlay would be minimal compared to domestic market resource costs. These geo-economic characteristics are significant variables to Qantas’ overall business strategy, longevity and growth. As Nav-Star’s recommendation emphasises offshoring to emerging 11 | P a g e Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 Asian markets, increasing global economic and political uncertainty plagues the international arena. This directly affects Qantas’ reach and places pressures on strategic alliances and offshoring facilities to remain viable as commercial competition between multinationals is becoming more intense. Three significant and damaging economic collapses have occurred globally over the past 15 years altering political aspirations towards integration economies and globalisation, thus amending regulatory policies creating potential trade and capital investment ventures. Such obstacles include price volatility, fiscal imbalances, income disparities, structural employment and financial borrowing capabilities (Eun Resnick, 2011). Qantas’ supply and value chain activities are key success factors creating avenues for future revenue growth and profits via creating new markets utilising existing consumer bases. A specific focus on alignment of company culture simultaneously with operational excellence will create Qantas various product portfolio opportunities. Avenues to achieve this objective involve continual technological updates to improve operational efficiency via streamlining value chain activities and managing human resources. The nature of Qantas’ international and domestic endeavours instigates sophisticated and complex strategic planning and policies that address and mitigate geo-economic risks. As Qantas continues to consolidate maintenance hubs (Qantas Media Releases, 2012), effective HR programmes addressing highly skilled and motivated personnel are crucial. Strategic Analysis Report Essay Example Strategic Analysis Report Essay Additionally heavy maintenance was consolidated to Avalon and Brisbane with Tullamarine in Melbourne closing by August 2012 (Qantas, 2012). This report considers the position of Qantas as at 1st May 2012 but considers this announcement justification of the report’s recommendations. 2|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 2 Executive Summary The dynamic nature of the global commercial aviation industry requires organisational structures and strategies that exemplify controls facilitating flexibility and prompt market responsiveness. The industry is heavily influenced via ncreasing global operational expenses, volatility and competition creating numerous challenges for Qantas’ long-term survival. Moreover, constant changes of consumer behaviour, perception and purchasing powers are directly influencing Qantas’ diminishing profit margins alongside high operational expenditure. It is crucial for Qantas’ to optimise opportunities and manage complex trade-offs involving value chain and supply chain management (SCM) activities. Numerous mechanisms exist to maximise the differences between perceived value and actual costs of supply chain activities.The key challenges for Qantas are to conceptualise strategies that provide a balance of efficiency and effectiveness. Initial internal and external analyses determined key discrepancies involving Qantas’ direction of global and functional-level strategies. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The analyses identified integrated, global standardisation, human resource (HR) and operational strategies as the primary segments to adjust. Key deficiencies arose regarding international competitiveness, terminal/plant consolidation, operational restructure requirements, workforce personnel skill and training enhancements and continual Industrial Relations (IR) disputes.As such, distinct emphasis to Qantas’ management amplified top and middle managerial inadequacies and change requirements. The analysis concluded that Qantas should implement a hybrid strategy through the integration of global standardisation and operational strategies. This combined strategy will address effective controls and policies, enabling cost reductions from non value-adding activities and redirecting capital to value-adding functions, thus effectively progressing Qantas’ strategic objectives towards sustainable practices and growth. |Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 3 Two Potential Strategies The strategic objectives for Qantas’ future intent are to mitigate potential risks. This can be achieved via either a global or functional level strategy. This report analyses the benefits and limitations of these strategies and presents a realistic recommendation for long term strategic sustainability. 3. 1 Global Strategy Global strategy plays a vital role in strengthening organisations such as Qantas (Hill Jones, 2010).Through the use of integration and global standardisation Qantas will be able to enhance its operations and increase its aviation market share. These strategies will enhance Qantas’ consumer base, whilst improving customer service outcomes. The implementation of these strategies will enable superior quality service delivery and improved performance against rivals in the aviation industry. 3. 1. 1 Integration Strategy In order to counter strong competition in international markets, increasing importance is placed on Multinational Organisations such as Qantas to integrate its overseas operations.Global Integration Strategy positions organisations like Qantas to gain advantage by geographically dispersing and specialising its operations (Porter, 1986). This localisation results in cost efficiencies and economies of scale improving competitiveness (Mauri, 2003). Qantas operates a vast international network but could take advantage of horizontal integration to build its network in booming markets such as Asia, while offset losses on unpopular routes. This could be achieved by creating wholly owned subsidiaries, joint ventures, or strengthening alliances with partner airlines in the OneWorld program and beyond.Alliance Networks can guide Qantas to recover its losses internationally by leveraging economies of scale generated by code sharing and commercial partnerships (Lawton, 201 1). 4|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 To compete with local hub based carriers such as Singapore Airlines (Singapore) and Emirates (Dubai), Qantas could vertically integrate some ground support and maintenance operations. Such undertakings would allow the Qantas brand to increase competitor cost structures and standardise customer service offerings, by controlling the brand experience from origin to consumption point. . 1. 2 Global Standardisation Strategy A global standardisation strategy aims at reducing costs by having Qantas’s headquarters and SCM activities centralised in Australia, but locating key functions in an optimal global location for that activity (Hill Jones, 2010). Following a Dynamic SWOT analysis undertaken by Nav-Star, it was found that Qantas could reduce operating costs by offshoring certain unskilled maintenance activities to a service centre in Hong Kong. This would allow Qantas to maximise synergies created by its new strategic alliance with China Eastern Airlines (Qantas, 2012).This destination offers labour force competitive advantages due to no minimum wage and advantageous tax rates (Euromonitor, 2010). This would make it suitable for unskilled maintenance work on aircraft, with more technical work being undertaken in Australia to maintain quality standards. Furthermore, offshoring would facilitate excellent career development for Australian Qantas employees as there will be a need to train and monitor a new Asian labour force. Hong Kong is a major Asian hub with a favourable economic and financial climate (Austrade, 2012), as well as being a gateway to China. Currently theChinese travel market is approximately 300 million. This is believed to grow to 500 million within three years (Qantas, 2012). If this strategy is employed it will reduce costs while creating both synergies and opportunities for further growth. 3. 2 Functional Strategy A functional strategy is advantageous for organisations to achieve superior efficiency, innovation, quality, and customer responsiveness (Jones Hill, 2012). Implementation of functional 5|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 strategies increases organisational capabilities in terms of resource availability and distinctive competencies. . 2. 1 HR Strategy A HR strategy aims at improving organisational outcomes through enhancing workforce capabilities. Key elements involve organisational development, job enrichment, employee empowerment and increased motivation through intrinsic motivators such as learning and development (Stone, 2010). Following a dynamic SWOT analysis of Qantas, it is evident that the airline can increase its revenue by reorganising the organisations HR focus. This would be possible through regular training and development of the workforce to satisfy intrinsic motivators.This is essential in light of the recent industrial and economic events (Qantas, 2012). Qantas’ 35,000 workforce personnel are primarily employees in either full-time or part-time positions, however in light of declining profits the movement towards transforming significant positions to a casual employment emerges (Qantas Databook, 2012). This creates numerous challenges for Qantas to ensure a superior level of quality and consistency across personnel divisions. The foremost segments subjective to this movement are ground staff, cabin crew, QCatering and Qantas Freight services (Qantas Media Releases, 2012).Given the dynamic nature of Qantas’ consumer base, employee training programs need to be tailored to adapt to the changing needs of customers. This is particularly relevant in the international arena, as this is where Qantas’ strategy needs to be enhanced to achieve industry differentiation and growth in emerging markets (Qantas, 2012). 3. 2. 2 Operational Strategy Management teams use operational strategies to effectively manage upstream and downstream value and supply chain activities in a cost-efficient manner. Hence, emphasis on 6|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 roductivity maximisation of resource-based bundling emerges via the capitalisation and operational restructuring of functional tactics and time specifications (Hanson, Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson, 2011). Qantas’ adverse internal and external environments are underpinned by operational expenses. These variables have forced the company to adopt cost reduction and low cost structure activities (Sharma Fisher, 1997). According to Qantas’ Databook (2012) cost price increases in operational activities (i. e. rising fuel prices, labour disputes, and replicated maintenance facilities) erode profit margins.This represents potential inefficiencies and weaknesses within Qantas’ internal management controls. Qantas CEO Alan Joyce announced in March 2012 the company’s strategic intent is to reduce costs without causing significant declines in revenue (Qantas Media Releases, 2012). A dynamic SWOT analysis identified for Qantas to negate and transpose limitations into positive company attributes. Qantas’ operational strategy should focus upon inefficiencies within Qantas’ supply and value chains thus requiring implementing increased controls.This measure would involve the coordination of activities directly attributed to horizontally and vertically integrated functions. Such measures would reaffirm a distinct organisational structure whilst ascertaining and securing improved efficiency, cost controls, environmental adaptability and profitability. Lin, Zu-Hsu Gibbs (2008), Gandolfi Hassoun (2010) and Buckingham Loomba (2001) assert effective operational restructuring to involve SWOT decision-making processes regarding cost structure reductions where value-adding functions are emphasised.These activities involve Reduction-In-Force (RIF) primarily concerning workforce size, skill requirements, employee flexibility, continuous improvement and activity-based costing initiatives. Additionally a SCM focus identifies supplier selection, procurement, inbound/outbound logistics, indirect materials, plant capacity and locations is a foremost facet of operational expenses providing avenues for reductions (Monczka, Handfield, Giunipero Patterson, 2011). Qantas should reassess the margins of each activity impacting the value-adding functions for increased |Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 company profits. As global economic uncertainty remains a primary concern in management strategic decisions the ability to respond effectively and integrate specified functional-level and operational strategies remains critical to long-term survival and profitability (Hanson, Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson, 2011). 4 Comparison and Evaluation Strategy One Strategy Two Feasibility substantial it can financial Qantas’s value chain activities represent by significant financial assets involving firmFeasibility Qantas resources possesses which leverage centralising its activities to its Australian infrastructure, SCM activities and highly headquarters, while offshoring non value skilled and specialised workforce personnel. adding functions such as maintenance. The As diversification workforce and scale ease of of such, through extensive employee Qantas’s development programmes (i. e. emphasis on global employee flexibility initiatives), SCM enables transference across the company.Further, streamlined cost structure improvements there is surplus cheap labour available in and internal communications will entice the both Asian destinations to make the strategy workforce to remain vibrant and instantly implementable with the use of knowledgeable. strategic partner airlines. Desirability Desirability Centralizing activities at the Australian Implementation of the HR strategy alongside headquarters will enable the company to increased transparency involving functions reduce its operating costs.By offshoring and related profit margins will increase the upstream and downstream operations to airline’s efficiency, quality of services, other locations globally, the airline will technological advancements and innovation, benefit from low cost materials and cheap thereby attracting more customers and labour, thus reducing its overall costs of retaining existing ones. This will increase the 8|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 manufacture and maintenance. company’s revenues and overall financial performance. Risks RisksRisks include cross cultural barriers, socio Risks include associated costs and potential economic and localised geo-political employee resistances to operational changes enhanced training and uncertainty. Given that the airlines will alongside offshore its activities across different development programmes. Moreover the locations globally, there is a risk of Australian operational and HR strategies should both industrial increased relations awareness issues. of Moreover, directly and indirectly forecast customer corporate needs and demand to determine accurate mechanisms.Thus enabling responsibility challenges including perceived budgeting versus actual human rights violations. capital to be directed along the value chain proportionally. Table 1 – Formulated Strategies 5 Recommendations Nav-star Consultants recommends that Qantas adopts Strategy One, an integrated global standardisation strategy, and Strategy Two, operational strategy. This will be implemented by leveraging the formidable financial and human resources of the company, thus redirecting capital where it’s needed to drive strategic change.This involves offshoring maintenance activities to Hong Kong to engage a leaner cost structure. This strategy will be supported internally by realigning its supply chain capabilities to locations that are more value oriented (Hill Jones, 2010). Further, both upstream and downstream activities will be refocused on more profitable flight routes, ground operations and strategic partner alliances. By utilising this integrated strategy, Qantas will maintain a flexible competitive advantage in the global airline industry. 9|Page Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 . 1 Distinguish from Competition For Qantas to remain competitive in both domestic and, more importantly, the international arena, a focus on providing value added services that differentiate from the competition is vital. Firstly, it is recommended that Qantas reviews its international network of destinations to divest from unprofitable flight routes and replacing these with arrangements using strategic alliance partners. This will also include an inevitable RIF that will focus on optimising workforce size and up skilling or cross training displaced employees (Noe Winkler, 2009).These optimisations allow Qantas to distinguish itself from its competitors by providing a leaner and more skilled workforce. Secondly, Qantas will need to consider integrating ground operations and supply chain activities to gain greater control of cost efficiencies, as well as reducing access for key competitors in foreign hubs (McCarthy-Byrne Mentzer, 2011). This will be achieved by utilising existing and new strategic partnerships and the establishment of new support facilities in the most value added location, Hong Kong.Any opportunity for the establishment of a wholly owned foreign subsidiary should seriously be considered. By integrating operations and activities, Qantas can remain adaptive to competitive pressures and distinguish its brand. 5. 2 Two Key Elements Two key elements in regards to Qantas’ implementation of its integrated strategy are, firstly, the Australian industrial relation consequences that may arise from the perception that Qantas is offshoring Australian jobs. Secondly, the importance of maintaining Qantas’ exceptional brand image regarding quality across maintenance and customer service.In order to prepare for likely industrial disputes, an extensive program of cross training and up skilling should be provided to employees who may be affected by this strategic reorientation. This will form a part of a risk mitigation strategy which will also reduce the dependence on domestic labour, of which industrial disputes will have the greatest impact (Balnave, Brown, 10 | P a g e Nav-Star Consultants MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 Maconachie Stone, 2009). Further, internal and external public relation campaigns should be commenced to educate and reassure all stakeholders of Qantas.For Qantas to maintain its exceptional quality reputation and to further build its quality perception in the market, it will be important to present the changing strategic direction of the organisation as an opportunity for portfolio growth. This will lead to greater opportunities for Qantas employees both domestically and abroad. Additionally, through the use of investment in technology and training, Qantas can reduce costs and implement its strategic plan without compromising quality perception. 5. 3 Boundary ConditionThe recommended integrated global standardisation and operational strategy exemplifies distinct benefits, company differentiation and competitive advantages. A PESTEL analysis identified the foremost determinant critical to ongoing implementation processes and success regards geoeconomic influences. Additional PESTEL characteristics are exhibited in Appendix 2. Bilgin (2010) asserts for Qantas to effectively intensify its international operations and presence incorporating geo-economic risks into strategic planning is vital.Schlevogt (2001) outlines key variables and success factors as company financial reserves; supply and value chain productions; workforce personnel; technological and research developments; transportation capabilities; trade opportunities and international politics. Moreover, as numerous value-adding resources are sourced from international markets, foreign government political, trade and socio-economic policies are shaping the pace and course of global interactions and transactions.Numerous markets have experienced unsustainable practices via diminished growth strategies for labour market competition, increase export and investment ventures abroad and displacement through automation (Eun Resnick, 2011 Madura, 2010). These shortfalls, provide opportunities for Qantas to attain the under-utilised resources in these markets as capital outlay would be minimal compared to domestic market resource costs. These geo-economic characteristics are significant variables to Qantas’ overall business strategy, longevity and growth. As Nav-Star’s recommendation emphasises offshoring to emerging 11 | P a g e Nav-Star ConsultantsMGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 Asian markets, increasing global economic and political uncertainty plagues the international arena. This directly affects Qantas’ reach and places pressures on strategic alliances and offshoring facilities to remain viable as commercial competition between multinationals is becoming more intense. Three significant and damaging economic collapses have occurred globally over the past 15 years altering political aspirations towards integration economies and globalisation, thus amending regulatory policies creating potential trade and capital investment ventures.Such obstacles include price volatility, fiscal imbalances, income disparities, structural employment and financial borrowing capabilities (Eun Resnick, 2011). Qantas’ supply and value chain activities are key success factors creating avenues for future revenue growth and profits via creating new markets utilising existing consumer bases. A specific focus on alignment of company culture simultaneously with operational excellence will create Qantas various product portfolio opportunities.Avenues to achieve this objective involve continual technological updates to improve operational efficiency via streamlining value chain activities and managing human resources. The nature of Qantas’ international and domestic endeavours instigates sophisticated and complex strategic planning and policies that address and mitigate geo-economic risks. As Qantas continues to consolidate maintenance hubs (Qantas Media Releases, 2012), effective HR programmes addressing highly skilled and motivated personnel are crucial.

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Identify the Purposes of Different Types of Organisation A business organization when formed it has to adapt some proper decision regarding its future establishment and the overall prosperity or sustainability. So it is very important to measure many economic, cultural, political variables under which the development of a business organization depends. So the environment for a business organization is a very important issue. Before forming an organization the entrepreneur have to justify the environment whether it is business friendly environment. Whether there is any risk matters regarding the financial market or institution or the current economy is healthy. Risk may arise now and then so the entrepreneurs have to alert of it. The purpose of different types of organization: Richard Koch (1997) defines there are only some basic concepts about organization. It is thought before that organization is a group of people who used to share the same purpose like a company organization, a university, or a fund. And with the comprehensive lesson, it is learnt that though there are a lot of organizations who are involved in business activities, they can be classified under three main classes, they are private sector, public sector, and third-sector organizations.it is described the mission, vision and goalpolicy of a company as being defined the primary purpose of the firm, what business it should be, whom the company is going to serve and satisfy for the rest of the time. So the, the organization activities should evolvefrom the mission and goal statement. So many companies, in order to make sure the employee remember about their roles and duties perused to them, they have mission and goal statements on future activities.Moreover, Vision builds up on the goals and objectives, that is, what the organizations ultimate aims or the destiny to grow in the future. The vision statement as a long-term aimof how the organization that is to be shaped in the futuredevelopment and what it could become more profitable. Moreover, he clearly distinguished the mission that is the companys role and future objectives; the vision, that is, what the company could turn into the future sustainability. The extent to which the organization meets the objectives if different stakeholders: What actually is a stakeholder? That is a wide range of discussion, it can be defined that a stakeholderas a person, group, organization, who affects or can be affected by an organizations actions or course of actions.For performing good project management activities, anyone needs to both manage and meet stakeholder expectations and demands. As a result of the assessment should match their wants and demand for what will be provided at the end of the assessment. Why would an organization look at it to use software to assist them with that? Definitely project management software cannot meet the stakeholder objectives and their service, but it is important tool that is in the Project Managers area to facilitate meeting the demand and objectives. (Prasanna Chandra, 2010). Responsibility of an organization and strategies: An organization communicates with stakeholders such as employees, customers, government, suppliers local communities, different ethnic groups intermediaries, financiers. Stakeholders have wide expectations to the company that they require the organization to fulfill, them. Employees expectation to the organization is to pay their salaries and bonuses on due time while the government expects the firm to pay its taxes as soon as possible. Diana Wicks (n. d) demonstrates that the management should also justify other positive and negative external and internal factors such as legislation policies and economic situations that have a direct impact on a firms survival.Business ethics loyalty and good governance form a part and parcel of social responsibility and liability. Business morality concerns the ethical judgments and behavior of persons and groups within company. Stakeholders expect organizations will be responsible for their actions and clarify in their transactions, in addition to respecting the societys norms and customs. The organization should also to ensure that it maintains those activities that contribute to the organizations success while c ontemporarily contributing positively to the welfare of society and country. How economic systems attempt to allocate resources effectively: An economic system is resulted from individuals (consumers and producers, suppliers), groups (firms, trade unions, political parties, etc. and the government interactsas a legal and social entity for the economy. The function of an economic system is based on to resolve the basic economic problem that is demonstrated scarcity means the limitation of resources but our wants are infinite so there is an imbalance. There is three questions arise: What has to be produced? How it has to be produced? For whom it has to be produced? There are two economic systems which are frequently used by world-wide. There are called: the free market system in which the government plays a limited role but that is a vital role and the system which is planned where the government takes fully total control on the circulation. In both of these systems there are different elements of resource allocation that is used by the government. There are economies that use a combination of these two processes in particular the planned and free market process also known as the mixed economy system in which many of the decisions about the resource allocation are taken by the government and other by the rest of the government or public.(Festina, 2005). Impact of the fiscal and monetary policies: It talks about current and future strategies of company. The selection first selects the competitors by their assets sales focus of business or geographic reach. In this case all the competitors are profit oriented or making profits. All financial and marketing strategies are discussed in this section. Comparative financial analysis: this section compares the financial standing of competitors with this company. Financial performance of each segments are discussed here. The objectives of these sections are to evaluate the position of ours and our competitors. Stock price comparison helps to understand the financial performance of others. International trade: buying and selling the goods across the borders is known as international trade. International is considered as backbone of a country in new commercial world. The companies are trying to expand the market beyond the borders to make a better profit rather than limiting it in local borders. There are more few reasons for doing business across the borders. One of the vital components of international trade is lower cost in developing nations. Clearly, a company that can pay its workers the equivalent of dollars a day, as compared to dollars an hour, has a distinct selling advantage.so the company has more potential to expand its business though it has the vast business throughout the world. It is also the .vital point of sustaining the market of the business. (Ukessays, n, d) How market structures determine pricing and output decisions in business: The pricing is fully dependent on the competition on the market. According to a research on Transcom global Inc. (2013).In order to interpret the price-output decisions of entity and industry, it started with the description of several market structures under perfect competition, perfect competition, and simplemonopoly, the discriminating started on the monopoly, monopolistic competition, and duopoly. Oligopoly, monopoly and bilateral monopoly the degree and character of competition in these markets which are categorized by the number of transistors the nature of product or elements the freedom of movement of firms and buyers and the suppliers, kind of available market information that is useful etc. The economists given theory of entity and industry considered as profit maximizing method, and accordingly suggests the marginal principle used as the optimum decision rule, erratic of differences between the markets. It is considered help of this principle that equilibrium price and exp ected output are determined at the firms optimum. At the market optimum level, the price costs and expected output are determined by the exchange of supply and demand. Following linear relations, a perfect competitive market model can be constituted. The operation of free market methods and mechanism as well as imperfections in the market used to be, regulated and operated by governmental influence such as taxes, subsides, minimum wage policy, price controls etc. The theoretical-demography and explanations in terms of such subjugate adjustments and interference does not always provide an idea 0 of there or no complexity of real international markets. For example, oligopolistic firms normally tend to maximize on sale by following [MR=O] principle considered as the main one. The complex price-output decisions that are made under the competition .not always be terminated in terms of economic theory and practices. The market forces shape organizational responses: Although there is a variety of market forces exists which may need to be addressed by any organization, there are three common factors that affect businesses in todays world: customer participation, information availability, information demand and cost pressure. These three are the important issues. According to Richard y. Chang (2005)Today, in many organizations who are keen to collect the payments for the purchase of products or services that is provided from the business but when it comes to returning those products or refunding those services, they call it a challenge to find a refund-sometimes requiring acute submissions of paperwork loading on them, long delays to receive a check from the customer by mail or confining the return/refund from the period to a short time framework that is useful to them.. How do these steps and policies can affect the prospect or influence of getting repeat business from these customers as soon as possible? Clearly, taking the lead decision onto en sure that the organization is completely prepared to search the key market vital forces impacting on the organizational performance made today and in the future will make strong Making the position as a strategic business leader in the business world it will lead the business. Business and cultural environment shape the behavior of the organization: Next to efficient structures and processes necessary to the organization, it is must to focus also on what people think normally, but to feel and do in and into the organizations so soon as possible. Keith (2011) and Newstrom (2012) illustrated that Managers should care in that way how the behavior of organizational employees evolves and adapts the rules, how employee behavior is completely shaped by group dynamics and social interaction possible way of change. Numerous results have influenced on managers when making a decision for the company regarding several issues. In theÂÂ  backgroundof any history one of the most significant change one is the procedures how employees used to behave and act in acompany. The organizational culture is absolute term for description the set of beliefs, norms, customs and values that represents fully the characteristics of an organization, and provides the extent for behavior within it individually. Conclusion: Optimal operation can be affected by an organizational culture which is shaped, leadership and management style that mirror environmental and cultural changes in the organization, as well as employee motivation useful for the better production. In such a culture innovations requires new employee behaviors customized the new research that is indispensible and different in order for the innovation to take root level of the company. It is a term used for analyzing scrutinizing the complex organization structure, with the emphasis which revolves around the improvement of shared assumptions made by it.A meaning, beliefs and values derived from the core, which shape and are reformed by employees behavior at working placeTo maximize organizational performance which is fully dependent on the higher satisfaction that requires an organizational culture which inspires employees to learn doing it together, grow and give their very best to the company.